Word: failed
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Pass-fail has become the magic of educational reform. At one college after another, students are being given the option of taking a course each term in which, so long as they do passing work, they are not graded...
...Harvard pass-fail would probably not live up to its notices. There are a number of things besides the fear of bad grades--concentration requirements, for example--which keep students from experimenting with courses in fields that are strange to them. Given the general ease with which one can get a C or even an honors B-- in any Harvard course, grades are probably not, in fact, the most important factor...
...certain how students who need top grades for graduate school would be affected by the pass-fail option. Many of them would work all the harder on their three graded courses; certainly, few of them would choose a fourth course that was completely new and time-consuming...
...Pass-fail's magic is limited by the heavy emphasis that graduate and professional schools will continue to put on grades and by the large burden that concentration requirements, and the desire to do well in their major, will continue to put on many undergraduates' schedules...
...pass-fail is not a major educational reform, it is still worth fighting for. A student's reluctance to experiment, for one thing, may come not from a fear of bad grades or anything concrete, but a simple, instinctive reaction that certain courses are too strange, too rough for him. If pass-fail could help to break down that kind of barrier--and the number of students who have expressed interest in taking Fine Arts 13 and Music 1 pass-fail indicates it might--that alone would justify...