Word: fascism
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Chamberlain was born in San Francisco, is on leave this school season to lecture at Harvard. Dr. Segre, an associate of the great Enrico Fermi, was born in Tivoli, Italy. Like Fermi, he came to the U.S. before World War II because of disgust with Italian Fascism. Both he and Dr. Chamberlain worked at Los Alamos on the atomic bomb, and Chamberlain helped explode the first test bomb at Alamogordo...
...description of the Festival in limited space must partially involve the Communist technique of presenting issues in Vienna: oversimplification. One surprising aspect of this was the utilization of "Fascism." The Communists use the label of "Fascism" to condemn anything they oppose, and fascist techniques to foster what they favor. A fervent Arab communist would claim that anyone in the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 was a fascist, while a more educated Czech communist would admit the fascists were "less than 10 per cent," but reach the same conclusion by the subtle historical error of giving them credit "as the elite...
...well-to-do landowners, Segni became a professor of civil law, no sooner swung into politics in his 30s than he swung right out again in the face of Italian Fascism. He left his law books once more to help found the Christian Democrat Party in the 1940s, and since 1944 has regularly held Cabinet posts in the government. As Minister of Agriculture and Forestry in 1950, he drafted the land-reform bills that helped turn back Italy's rising Communist tide, ultimately freed nearly 2,000,000 acres of privately owned land for distribution among 150,000 peasants...
...jails. The Italian constitution of 1948 provides for a form of habeas corpus and declares the citizen innocent until proved guilty, but under Italy's outmoded legal procedures and the operation of Italy's judges-most of whom, while not Fascists, got their legal training under Fascism-suspects often languish years in jail awaiting trial. As one Italian lawyer put it last week: "The amnesty is a shotgun blasting at ills that shouldn't exist in the first place...
Things have been going from bad to worse for a long time in the once great kingdom of Spain. Left behind by the great revolutions of the 18th and 19th centuries, Spain moved from feudalism to confused socialism to fascism through one of history's most destructive civil wars. After that came the mismanagement and the narrow imagination of Francisco Franco's regime. Spain was near economic disaster when U.S. aid began to arrive...