Word: fats
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...only factors to which Dr. Keys would give major responsibility were physical exercise (or the lack of it) and diet. He tackles the diet problem from the viewpoint of fat content. The fat in the U.S. diet, he points out, has been going up for 50 years; fats account for as much as 40% of its calories. In Sweden the proportion is 38%. But in Sardinia it is only 22%. The clincher, for Dr. Keys, is to be found among Yemenite Jews who had no coronary disease in their native habitat but have begun to develop it since they migrated...
Surveying the puzzling and contradictory evidence, Dr. Page offers a moderate summation: too much fat in the diet and too little are both bad. Anything below 15% is dangerous (he tried it himself for a year and found that he lost weight, energy and equanimity). Current U.S. levels are needlessly high. A nice balance: 25%. And he sees no decisive difference in the effects of vegetable and animal fats...
...some researchers have been casting this fatty alcohol as the villain. It is the predominant substance found in the plaques and patches that form on the roughened inner wall (intima) of the artery, and the amount circulating in the blood is in some rough proportion to the fats in the diet. So it is temptingly simple to draw the conclusion that the dietary fat starts the trouble and the cholesterol finishes it when it has built up deposits-which may also become calcified-big enough to close a coronary artery...
...body. Researcher Gofman and his colleagues examined the combinations in which cholesterol circulates. It enters the bloodstream combined with proteins of different kinds. Cholesterol molecules in the combinations known as alpha-lipoproteins are generally of high density and seem relatively little involved in disease; the beta-lipoproteins contain the fat and flabby cholesterol molecule that is clearly implicated in atherosclerosis...
...Institute. With Canadian-born Dr. Arthur Curtis Corcoran, who has been teamed with him since 1936, Page made important discoveries on the workings of renin,* an enzyme secreted by the kidney when it is starved of blood. An injection of renin raises the blood pressure. It also alters the fat-protein combinations in the blood in such a way as to encourage atherosclerosis...