Word: fats
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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MEDICAL researchers studying heart disease are coming reluctantly to a revolutionary conclusion. The Federal Government, they suggest, may have to intervene and decree a radical change in the prevailing American diet. This would involve taking most of the fat out of those marbled steaks and from those billions of gallons of milk, as well as altering the chemical constitution of cooking oils and fats...
Significantly, they eat little or no hard, or "saturated," fat.* They also eat little of the foods that contain much cholesterol, such as egg yolks, shellfish and organ meats. On the basis of early research, scientists assumed that the cholesterol found in mushy, atheromatous deposits in diseased coronary arteries came from the cholesterol consumed in foodstuffs. They had to abandon this simplistic view as soon as they realized that the human body manufactures cholesterol from several raw materials, notably the hard animal fats...
Medical researchers then began to campaign for 1) a reduction in the total fats in the American diet, and 2) a switch from saturated to polyunsaturated fats. Easier said than done. The diet of the average well-nourished American derives 40% of its calories from fats, 40% from carbohydrates (sugars and starches), and 20% from protein. Just as they refuse to cut down on cigarettes, most Americans refuse to cut down seriously on fats. A more practicable solution, it appeared, would be to change the kind of fat, from mostly saturated to mostly polyunsaturated...
Label Blackout. For the average man who has no special susceptibility, Furman believes, the customary diet can be altered without imposing hardship. The 40-40-20 ratio of calories from fats, carbohydrates and protein need not be modified, provided only that the nature of the fats is changed. Furman's prescription: twice as much polyunsaturated fat as saturated fat...
Rough Work. Who and what are these men who can make so much difference? There are presently 85 officials in the two pro leagues and they come in all sizes and shapes, says pro football's Director of Personnel Mark Duncan, "except fat. I'm the only fat person allowed around here." They are paid $250 to $350 for each of a dozen or more games a season. Though they work full time at jobs as various as pharmacist, policeman and bank vice president, their training for the game is extensive. Each summer they attend a week-long...