Word: fattori
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Chief among the macchiaioli was Giovanni Fattori of Leghorn, called "The Etruscan" for his bold, brusque colorism. His vision was acute and reportorial. He sought out such scenes as a cavalryman dragged across a field by his horse or oxen idly sniffing an oddly crumpled hat, the only sign of life in a devastated battleground. Another leader was Giovanni Boldini from Ferrara, who traveled through Spain with Degas and later settled in Paris to paint exquisitely mannered portraits. A third was Vincenzo Cabianca from Verona, who loaded his canvas with oil until its scumbled surface resembled earthen ware, yet caught...
Modigliani's Legacy. The macchiaioli were too far from the mainstream of modern art to be noticed at once. But their pupils made good. One who studied under Fattori was an Italian Jew from Leghorn named Amedeo Modigliani. Although he is best recalled for his expressionistic nudes, there was a time when Modigliani painted fleeting visions of the unpopulated flowery banks of Tuscany with a matchless skill that paid homage to his teacher. Thus Tuscan impressionism, so eagerly seeking to become a part of European art, fed Paris its best pupils, and Italian impressionism became, until now, a forgotten...
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