Word: fedayan
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Three major political groups jostle for position on Iranian campuses. The Mujahedin, the largest and most influential group, consists of radical Islamic nationalists who support Khomeini as a leader, but fear his reactionary approach to Islam. Another leftist group, the Pishgam, is the student affiliate of the Marxist Fedayan. Reportedly the group's members have received training from the Palestine Liberation Organization. The far-right Hezb-Ollahis, which gives Khomeini unquestioning obedience and represents religious fundamentalism, is in the minority...
...capital. Roving bands of militants attacked the offices of leftist organizations, beating up their members and chanting, "Communism shall die, Islam shall win!" Despite a pledge by Minister of Interior Hashem Sabbagian to prevent violence, 1,000 demonstrators first ransacked and then occupied the headquarters of the Marxist Fedayan-e Khalq (People's Sacrifice guerrillas). Khomeini's supporters were prevented from occupying the offices of another leftist group, the Mujahedin-e Khalq (People's Crusaders), only by a sit-in staged by young Mujahedin supporters declaring, "You will first have to walk over our dead bodies...
...Iran's revolution. In his message to the nation on Jerusalem Day, set aside to demonstrate international Islamic solidarity with the Palestinians, Khomeini gave an ominous warning to his country's leftists. Said he: "I shall give the final word if you continue your devilish scheming." The Fedayan had issued a warning of their own. "Hundreds of us died in our struggle against the deposed Shah. We shall not balk at dying by the thousands in a war imposed on us by imperialism and its local agents, the reactionaries...
...backed coup that toppled Mossadegh's government in August 1953 and enabled the Shah to return to his throne. Khomeini still identifies himself with Kashani, whose memory is reviled by Iranian nationalists because of his alleged betrayal of Mossadegh. One link between Kashani and Khomeini is the Fedayan Islam, a group of fanatical Muslim nationalists who opposed the secular government...
...Hassan Mansur, who tried to convince Khomeini that he should apologize and drop his opposition to the government. Khomeini refused. In fury, Mansur slapped Khomeini's face. The Ayatullah did not blink. Two weeks later, Hassan Mansur was assassinated on his way to parliament. Four members of the Fedayan Islam were later executed for the murder...