Word: fermi
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...general, the physicists are less alarmed than the biologists are. Says Director Samuel K. Allison of the University of Chicago's Enrico Fermi Institute: "Unless the rate of [bomb] testing is greatly stepped up, there is little or no danger to the general public. But if every nation gets into testing, the situation could be extremely serious." He favors an international limit on the power of bombs that may be tested...
...heart of Chicago's Fort Dearborn project, a 150-acre slum-clearance development on the main northern approach to the Loop, city planners decided to build a memorial to Atomic Physicist Enrico Fermi, who achieved the first controlled nuclear chain reaction, on a squash court under the stands of the University of Chicago's Stagg Field. When an international architectural competition was launched, 355 entrants from 25 countries submitted their designs. Last week the jury awarded first prize and $5,000 to Architect Reginald Caywood Knight, 35, of M.I.T.'s department of architecture...
...keep a space vehicle (or missile) from burning up due to friction when it hits the relatively dense atmosphere of the earth at 20,000 m.p.h. To study this friction in the laboratory, Dr. Gabriel M. Giannini, a close friend of the late Atomic Physicist Enrico Fermi, is building a device called a "plasma jet." A stream of inert gas such as argon is passed through a high intensity electric discharge. The resulting heat forces a jet of highly ionized gas out a small hole at enormous speed and temperature (even a small jet will quickly chew through a steel...
...right after the Nazis were stopped at Stalingrad (Jan. 31, 1943) and the tide of battle turned, the Russians resumed atomic studies. They continued on a laboratory (but not an industrial) scale for the rest of the war. They may have heard about Enrico Fermi's achievement in Chicago (Dec. 2, 1942) of the world's first nuclear chain reaction. Espionage may have helped them. At any rate, they seem to have been convinced, long before the U.S. exploded its first atom bomb (July 16, 1945), that atomic weapons were well worth trying...
Best hunting ground for neutrinos is near nuclear reactors, from which, by the Fermi-Pauli theory, they stream in vast numbers. So Reines and Cowan took their apparatus to the AEC's Savannah River plant. They set it up in an underground room where it was sheltered from distracting cosmic rays but exposed to a flood of neutrinos from one of the great plutonium-producing reactors...