Word: feudality
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Chou En-lai is the guiding influence behind China's re-entry into the world scene. Unlike most other Chinese Communist leaders, Chou is sophisticated and widely traveled. He comes from a family of feudal gentry, was raised in Shanghai, had studied in Tokyo, Kyoto, Tientsin and Paris, and speaks French, fair English and some German. As Premier (since 1949) and Foreign Minister (from 1949 to 1958), he visited at least 29 different countries and maintained a constant dialogue with high-level foreign visitors to Peking. With a personality far more cosmopolitan than Mao's, Chou...
Land reform is another vexing problem. To prevent further bloody peasant revolts such as those that occurred in the Naxalbari region in 1967, the government must find a way to cut through the legal red tape that has effectively hamstrung land reform. The zamindars, a breed of feudal aristocrats and absentee landlords whose estates often consisted of as many as 50 or more entire villages, have got around the law in West Bengal by parceling out property to relatives, who often number in the hundreds. Though land reform is a state problem, Indira is expected to draft model legislation...
...wing senator Diaz fulfills a Christian mission "to put hysterical traditions in order, through violence and the love of violence," while the populist governor Vierra professes a metaphysic of the masses ("the blood of the people is sacred!") which restrains him from benefiting them materially through force against a feudal system. Paulo Martins combines the political rationality of one and the spirituality of the other, attempting synthesis in his own chaotic life. He narrates the film in flashback, struggling between newsreel-like objectivity and the violent subjectivity of his surrealist fantasies-a dialectic that can't be separated from Rocha...
...West Pakistan, ex-Foreign Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and his Pakistan People's Party emerged as the strongest force, capturing 83 of 144 seats. Bhutto, 43, and Mujib, 48, are poles apart. Son of a wealthy feudal landowning family. Bhutto is pro-Chinese and anti-Indian: Mujib, product of a middle-class village family, is pro-Western and would like to make peace with India. More important, most of West Pakistan's capitalists, bureaucrats and army officers support Bhutto, who opposes Mujib's six points because they would destroy Pakistan's unity and his own ambitions...
...Marxist Communist Party of India, abbreviated as the CPI (M), and a breakaway pro-Peking faction, the Marxist-Leninist Communist Party, or Naxalites. Their quarrel began in 1967 over land reform. The government had imposed a limit of 25 acres per person on rural land holdings, but many feudal aristocrats had got around the measure by parceling out land to armies of relatives. After court attempts to untangle the land-reform problem failed. Charu Mazumdar, a member of the Marxist group, instigated a peasant revolt in the Naxalbari region of West Bengal. The leaders of Mazumdar's own party...