Word: fingerprinting
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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Some states restrict the access of guard companies to official criminal records, while others require fingerprint checks. In California nearly 20% of ! the applications for guard licenses are rejected each year because checks disclose prior criminal convictions. Yet even that kind of screening helps only to a degree. A 1989 study by the New York State Senate Committee on Crime and Correction found that 16% of guards were still hired despite such criminal backgrounds...
...effort to help the police gain more evidence that the girl's parents put themselves at odds with the state. After arranging to travel to London for an abortion, the parents asked police whether a tissue sample from the fetus could be used as a "genetic fingerprint" that would positively identify the rapist. The inquiry made its way to Attorney General Harry Whelehan, who judged himself duty-bound to stop the family from breaking Irish...
...test showed he could not have been the attacker. A year later another man was arrested in another rape case. Not only did a DNA marker make him a suspect in the unsolved rape, but the victim's jewelry was found in his girlfriend's possession and his fingerprint matched one found on the victim's car. Result: a conviction...
...potential for abuse of such systems has been amply demonstrated. Until quite recently, the white-ruled government of South Africa employed pass-card and fingerprint systems, running on computers supplied by IBM and the British firm ICL, to enforce travel restrictions on the black population. This practice eventually led to a U.S.-government ban on the sale of computers to any apartheid-enforcing agency...
...monitor the movement of Palestinians living in the occupied territories. Singapore, known for its strict regulation of everything from littering to drug peddling, has purchased more than $12 million worth of computer equipment from NEC, including a machine-readable ID-card system (with laser-engraved thumbprint) and an automated fingerprint-identification system...