Word: finlandization
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Unless the coalition negotiations unexpectedly collapse, in a matter of weeks Austria will become Western Europe's fifth Socialist-led government (following England, West Germany, Sweden and Finland). Kreisky will not alter his country's permanent military neutrality or encourage a further nationalization of Austria's industry, already largely state-owned. He has promised to seek associate membership in the Common Market, introduce scientific analysis and economic planning in government, and modernize Austria's antiquated school system...
...also troubled some of Europe's smaller parties. In Austria, the hierarchy killed a rambunctious magazine that grew increasingly critical of Soviet dogma. In Britain, where the leadership has made public peace with Moscow but remains privately critical, a pro-Kremlin faction has recently gained strength. In tiny Finland, governed by a coalition that includes the Communists, the party leadership was forced to mollify a growing, Moscow-oriented faction by criticizing the government's economic policies. The result has been to weaken the Communists' position in the coalition...
...extent that is staggering from a U.S. point of view, the idea has caught on in France, Switzerland, Belgium, Holland, Austria, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Finland, England and, as one editor puts it, "even Spain." The "democratization" movement has flourished in the generally socialist climate of postwar Europe. Bitter experiences under the Third Reich or the Occupation prejudiced many journalists-both rank and file and at the top of the masthead -against extreme concentration of editorial control...
...Japanese may be old masters at adapting most Western designs, but they have had no success at all with those of Karl Marx. Modern Socialist parties have flourished in Western Europe since World War II, and currently hold power in Britain, Sweden, Finland and-as of last October-West Germany, Japan's chief industrial rival. Yet, aside from a ten-month fling soon after World War II, Japan's ideologically fervent Socialist Party has had all the political appeal, as one European Socialist describes it, of "a scared virgin spinster...
...much of the world, Scandinavia, rather than the U.S., represents the ideal of an economic Utopia. Sweden has the world's second highest per capita income; Denmark, Norway and Finland also rank high. All four are free of slums, hunger and extreme poverty. All enjoy steady economic growth combined with full employment. By contrast, the U.S. is beset by labor unrest, rising unemployment and slow growth. How do the Scandinavians do so much better...