Word: firm
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...measure, however, is far from a pure giveaway. For one thing, the loan guarantee is not a handout but simply the Government's pledge to reimburse private parties for the money, up to $1.5 billion, that they lend to Chrysler if the auto firm is unable to repay the loans. This promise should enable Chrysler to return to the money markets that have been closed for the past year. The automaker, moreover, will pay the Treasury an annual fee of at least 1% of the sum guaranteed...
Midway through the fourth day, the ministers called it quits. An exhausted Yamani pledged to hold Saudi prices firm at $24 per bbl., but he was well aware that the survival of the cartel was now in question. Said he, trying to put the best face on his defeat: "There will definitely be a [global] recession. We will notice a sharp drop in the spot market. Then there will be some sort of unification of price levels among OPEC members...
...Yves Saint Laurent label. It was so popular in Europe after its launching there in 1977 that its appearance in the U.S. had to be delayed a year for lack of supply. As it happens, Opium is marketed by a subsidiary of the Squibb Corp., the U.S. pharmaceutical firm, which pays the Yves Saint Laurent fashion house a royalty in return for the use of its name. More galling to the French, Opium is a strong scent; it thus follows in the style of the brash and popular American perfumes, like Revlon's Charlie and Jontue, that are edging...
Without their perfumes, many of the top French fashion names would simply disappear. Robert Ricci, head of the Nina Ricci firm, openly concedes that his firm could not exist without its worldwide perfume sales. Says he: "It is very difficult to make money out of clothes, and impossible out of haute couture. "High sales volume cannot be achieved with clothes, since no one style can ever have really broad appeal. Perfumes, by contrast, are bought everywhere, in all seasons and by all kinds of people, from secretaries to socialites. L'Air du Temps and other fragrances account...
What seems to concern the French as much as the spread of the American scent is the expansion of American ownership of perfume houses. Coty, for instance, is owned by the Pfizer pharmaceutical firm, Pierre Balmain by Revlon, and Jean d'Albret by Max Factor. Globally, sales of U.S.-owned perfume firms exceeded $1 billion last year, compared with $737 million for the French. Girding themselves against further U.S. competition, many older French perfume houses have sought mergers with larger European corporations, and a long moribund national perfume-promoting organization called Prestige has been revived. Says Bernard Lanvin, head...