Word: fishings
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...world in which albatrosses originated, the birds swallowed pieces of floating pumice for the fish eggs stuck to them. Albatrosses transferred this survival strategy to toothbrushes, bottle caps, nylon netting, toys and other floating junk. Where chicks die, a pile of colorful plastic particles that used to be in their stomachs often marks their graves...
...albatrosses' eating plastic seems surprising, so do many of the oceans' problems. Like elusive fish, facts often defy common perceptions. Examples...
...Fishing annually extracts more than 80 million tons of sea creatures worldwide. An additional 20 million tons of unwanted fish, seabirds, marine mammals and turtles get thrown overboard, dead. Overfishing has depleted major populations of cod, swordfish, tuna, snapper, grouper and sharks. Instead of sensibly living off nature's interest, many fisheries have mined the wild capital, and famous fishing banks lie bankrupt, including the revered cod grounds of New England and Atlantic Canada...
Enforcing fishing limits--to give the most devastated fish populations a chance to rebuild--could ultimately enable us to catch at least 10 million more tons of sea life than we do now. Government-subsidized shipbuilders and fleets drive much of the overfishing. Eliminating those subsidies--as New Zealand has already done--would mean paying less to get more in the long...
...Fish farming--aquaculture--doesn't take pressure off wild fish. Many farms use large numbers of cheap, wild-caught fish as feed to raise fewer shrimp and fish of more lucrative varieties. And industrial-scale fish- and shrimp-aquaculture operations sometimes damage the coastlines where the facilities are located. The farms can foul the water, destroy mangroves and marshes, drive local fishers out of business and serve as breeding grounds for fish diseases. In places such as Bangladesh, Thailand and India, which grow shrimp mainly for export to richer countries, diseases and pollution usually limit a farm's life...