Word: fixes
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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Though his task is awesome and he clearly has a very long way to go to clean up the world's largest and most stultifying corporate bureaucracy, Smith's management style is already showing through. The General Motors that used to trumpet each minor fix in its operations as if it were the second Industrial Revolution is reinventing itself with little fanfare. Smith has slashed the number of bureaucrats at GM's Pentagonian headquarters from 13,000 to fewer than 2,000. "There were duplicating functions all over the place," he says. "Basically, they were just checking up on what...
...discoverers of the defective gene. This blueprint must be recopied each time the cell divides. "Some mistakes get made," Kolodner continues. "The ((protein made by the normal gene)) is like the spell-checker on a computer. It helps to scan for errors, detect them and fix them." When the spell-checking gene is damaged in some way, mistakes start piling up in other genes. Eventually some of the genes that keep cells from dividing uncontrollably are affected and cancer arises. It most often strikes the colon, but can also occur in the uterus, ovaries and other organs...
While legions of scientists are hunting down mutant genes like the culprit that causes some colon cancers, other researchers are seeking ways to fix the damage done by these mistakes of nature. Still in its infancy, the field of "gene therapy" has spawned dozens of experiments aimed at treating ailments ranging from cystic fibrosis to brain tumors. The goal is to transplant new genes into humans to do the work of defective ones -- or to give patients extra genes useful in fighting diseases...
...free of the technical glitches that had grounded shuttles so many times before. But the really hard part was yet to come: a week of dangerous and delicate maneuvers performed more than 300 miles up in space. The challenge facing Endeavour's seven-member crew was not just to fix the hobbled Hubble Telescope and thus ensure the future of space science. The larger goal was to repair NASA's reputation, battered in recent years by accusations of incompetence, mismanagement -- and, just last week, major fraud as well...
...peddling bureaucracy because the roominggroups are working," he said. "If it's not broken,don't fix...