Word: flagging
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...other world waters. The President may declare any region a combat area-which would automatically ban U. S. citizens, ships, planes from trespassing in that area. Minor provisions bar alien seamen from U. S. entry, mounted arms on U. S. merchant vessels, use of the U. S. flag by foreign ships. Penalties for major infractions: $50,000 fine, five years in jail or both; for minor $10,000 fine, two years in jail or both...
...Kola Bay, north of the Russian harbor of Murmansk, the U. S. freighter City of Flint dropped anchor and thereby posed for Russia a far less crucial test of its neutrality, the skill of its diplomats, the wisdom of its foreign policy. City of Flint was flying the German flag. It carried a German prize crew. Dramatic was the story of its seizure and flight. But last week the swift routine moves of the Russian Foreign Commissariat, the swift routine countermoves of the U. S. State Department, unexpectedly turned into something bigger, a first-class demonstration of diplomatic action...
Procedure. Russia's position was beginning to look embarrassing. Plain fact was that, as soon as City of Flint sailed under the German flag, it risked capture by British warships, faced at the minimum a 1,300-mile voyage through blockaded waters, at least 50 miles of known mine fields, to reach a German port. Equally plain was it that, if Russia permitted the ship to remain in port, she violated international law, that if she released it to her U. S. owner (as the U. S., after a Supreme Court decision, eventually released the Appam), she would antagonize...
Deutschland vanished and the prize crew, armed with pistols and daggers, sailed Flint northeast, through icebergs and bitter cold. They made a Danish flag, painted out the U. S. flags on the ship's side, altered her funnel, changed her name to Alf. They got jittery watching for British warships, put a time bomb in the engine room to blow up their prize rather than surrender her. After eleven days they arrived, not in Germany, but at Tromsö, Norway, flying a German flag. Authorities here saw through Flint's disguise, let the prize crew take fresh water...
...ships it can. So might the rest of the U. S. merchant marine. By 1948, 500 of the Maritime Commission's new ships will be off the ways. Within three years 1,300 of the 1,400 ocean vessels flying the U. S. flag will be 20 years old. Only once in a generation can any nation's merchant marine count on selling its obsolete equipment at fancy prices, thanks...