Word: fogel
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...same time, those mathematical works that do find their way into discussions in or out of the classroom are being accepted too uncritically. The massive reevaluative scholarship on slavery, summarized in Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery by Robert William Fogel (who will teach at Harvard beginning next year) and Stanley Engerman, is now the single best-known work of quantitative history. The book is published in two volumes--the first presents the conclusions, while the second, more technical volume explains how the authors got there. Much of the second volume cannot be understood without advanced...
...ROBERT WILLIAM FOGEL and STANLEY L. ENGERMAN...
...better historian than other men, Jules Michelet once observed, it is because I have a larger table. The French historian's graceful bow to the supremacy of broad and easily retrievable research over insight has now been carried to devastating extremes by the authors of this provocative book. Fogel, 47, is a professor of economics and history at the universities of Chicago and Rochester. Engerman, 38, is professor of economics and history at Rochester. Together they are the leading edge of a new wing of historians known as cliometricians because their methods marry Clio, the muse of history...
Among the most widely accepted and notable errors, the authors suggest, was the belief that slavery was economically dying in 1860, that slave labor was inefficient and slovenly, and-most important-that slavery produced hideously hard conditions of life for the average slave. Not so, say Fogel and Engerman, offering statistics on per capita income and return on capital to prove it. Slavery was booming in 1860, and plantations were 40% more efficient than Northern agriculture...
...capita income as an index of economic growth is questionable when applied to a nonindustrial society. Economic Historian Murray Rothbard said, "Cliometrics doesn't work for the current economy, so how could it work on information from 1860?" Sociologist Orlando Patter son questioned some of the inferences that Fogel and Engerman draw from their statistics, such as the assumption that young black girls were prudish, not promiscuous, because the average age of black slave women on having a first child...