Word: foreign
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...considered real money, and all important transactions are done in dollars. The wait for an apartment is 20 years, an almost inconceivable reality that dominates the personal planning of most Poles. The country's underlying problem is that it invested in all the wrong industries. The state has squandered foreign loans and subsidized shipyards, steel mills and coal mines. In an age when information and high technology are the driving force of economic growth, Poland is saddled with a string-and-can phone system and a work force that spends much of its time moonlighting as middlemen for goods...
Hungary also struggles under a large foreign debt. But with an economic exuberance that matches Poland's political exhilaration, Budapest is making progress toward recovery. Western visitors who evince any interest in investing in Hungary are likely to find officials knocking at their hotel doors with lists of state enterprises for sale. Hungary now permits its citizens to start large-scale private businesses and hire up to 500 workers. A fledgling stock market has 147 listings. Within three years, half of Hungary's economy is expected to be in private hands. Consumer goods are expensive, but, unlike in Poland, they...
Soviet secretiveness over accidents has been a cause of upset in the West, where high standards are observed regarding disclosure of nuclear accidents. In Norway patience is wearing particularly thin. Anger was plainly evident last week when Foreign Minister Thorvald Stoltenberg denounced Soviet reluctance to divulge information as "unacceptable...
...interest loan from the Japan International Cooperation Agency ostensibly to benefit the very people who are today fighting the logging traffic. Since JICA is not supposed to give funds to support Japanese commercial ventures abroad, the road has provided ammunition for those who argue that increased foreign aid by the Japanese will only further jeopardize the global environment. Kiyoshi Kato, director of JICA's Institute for International Cooperation, admits that his agency has learned a lesson from the Limbang road: "We must survey local opinion more thoroughly before starting future projects...
Many conservationists are worried that Japan will try to hide its financing of projects that damage the environment. One method would be to make unrestricted loans to foreign banks. The banks could then lend money to controversial projects, but Japan would not be blamed. One fear is that Japan will use such "two-step" loans to fund a major road that would open up the western Amazon to logging. Says Alex Hittle, international coordinator of | Friends of the Earth, U.S.: "It's in general loans that disturbing things might be lurking...