Word: founded
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...salinity and density have begun to pay off by providing oceanography with a substructure of theory. Doubting the conventional view that ocean currents are simply streams of water pushed around by prevailing winds, Henry Stommel of Woods Hole analyzed thousands of such observations, predicted that a current would be found flowing under the Gulf Stream in the opposite direction. In 1957 the Atlantis and the British oceanographic ship Discovery II went looking for this current. Their tool was an ingenious buoy invented by British Oceanographer John C. Swallow, which sinks slowly until it reaches a level where the sea water...
Fossil Volcanoes. Geologists and oceanographers who look to the ocean's bottom have found that the ocean is a gigantic museum, where geological specimens are preserved like flies in amber. Among the most interesting of these geological fossils are the guyots, the flat-topped extinct volcanoes that dot the Pacific floor. How did they get down there, the oceanographer asks. Did their weight force them into the earth's crust, like corks pushed into putty? Did the ocean increase in volume and rise above them...
...discovery is evidence that an enormous volcanic eruption may have darkened the sky when man was in his stone-chipping stage. Cruising down the west coast of South America, Lament's Vema discovered a layer of clean white volcanic ash up to twelve inches thick. Other explorations have found layers of similar ash in many parts of the Pacific and Atlantic. Dr. Ewing suspects that all the ash came from a series of stupendous eruptions along the spine of the Andes, estimates the date as 68,000 years ago. It must have been a black time for paleolithic...
Mysterious Trenches. An ocean-bottom problem that fascinates all oceanographers is the origin of the deep troughs that are found mostly in the Pacific. The deepest ones, e.g., the Tonga Trench, the Marianas Trench, have narrow V bottoms that are clear of sediment. They are uneasy parts of the earth's crust. Deep-focus earthquakes rumble out of them, and generally volcanoes spout near...
After leaving Columbia, Terrell wintered in perfume, summered in stock, with friends' money opened the famed Bucks County (Pa.) Playhouse in 1939. During World War II he piloted transport planes until injured in a crash, then managed U.S.O. troupes through the South Pacific. In Manila once, he found no theater available, asked to use a tent. The Army said no; but the idea lingered...