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Over the past decade, researchers have increasingly focused on so-called antenatal depression (depression during pregnancy) and its effect not only on mothers but also on the development of the baby. In a new study published in the Feb. 5 issue of the journal Child Development, researchers found that children born to women who were depressed during pregnancy were four times as likely to be arrested for violent crimes by age 16 as children of nondepressed mothers. The study involved 120 randomly chosen women from South London, who were interviewed when they were pregnant and after they gave birth. Researchers...
...first study to observe an association between negative behavior in children and mothers' antenatal depression. In 2003 a large Finnish study found that sons of women who were depressed during pregnancy had an increased likelihood of being arrested for criminal acts before they turned 30. The new British study went a step further, however, because Hay and her colleagues were able to interview the families and factor in the effects of environmental and socioeconomic circumstances, as well as the mother's psychological health...
Other small studies have found that compared with their healthy counterparts, depressed women have a slightly higher likelihood of miscarrying and giving birth preterm. And a 2006 study published in Infant Behavioral Development found that babies born to clinically depressed mothers were more irritable, less attentive and exhibited fewer facial expressions than infants born to mothers without depression...
...Touch Institute in Miami, massage therapist and psychologist Tiffany Field has been helping pregnant women by training their husbands and significant others to give them restorative massages. In a 2008 study involving 200 depressed pregnant women, Field found that women who received a 20-minute back massage twice a week had lower levels of stress hormones and depressive thoughts than women who did not get the massages. The incidence of premature birth and low birth weight in infants was also lower in the massage group than in the control group...
...Well, Michael Phelps called me “Mom.” I was trying to be more of a big sister. I found myself gravitating towards the coaches and trainers, because they’re more my age. But if they had questions, I was more than happy to help them and sort of guide them. I don’t know if it was more my age or more that I had been there so many times. But it was fun. I felt like I was useful and I was able to help...