Word: fractionating
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...producer of the "master" hormone ACTH,* is itself the slave of a truly imperial hormone secreted by a part of the brain, reported Baylor University's Physiologist Roger Guillemin. From the hypothalamus, an ancient part of the brain, Guillemin and Baylor colleagues have isolated a highly potent fraction, "hypothalamic D," which puts the pituitary to work when the animal (or human) is faced by physical or mental stress. Also named the "ACTH-hypophysiotropic hormone," it can be injected to give the same results as a shot of ACTH, e.g., in rheumatoid arthritis, by a more natural method...
...intensive study of the relationship between cancer and cigarette smoking, it was clearly a breakthrough. Searching for the element in cigarette tar that causes cancers on mice (and, presumably, lung cancer in man), U.S. and Canadian scientists had narrowed the field to an identifiable fraction...
...Sloan-Kettering Institute and the University of Toronto's Dr. George Wright told fellow experts in Atlantic City that they had separated the tar (by machine-smoking tons of cigarettes) into acid, alkaline and neutral portions. These were subdivided again until the researchers found the active cancer-causing fraction. It proved to be in the neutral portion. Isolated and applied to mice in the laboratory, it produced many cancers. Although it constitutes only 1½% of the tar, the dangerous material contains many different chemical compounds, including a number known as aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons. Next steps: identify the compounds...
...cream, to replace the standard five-gallon steel cans, developed by Illinois' Galva Creamery Co. Shipped in corrugated cardboard cartons, the bags take up only half,as much space as steel cans holding the same amount of cream, are more sanitary. Furthermore, they take up only a fraction of the space when they are returned empty...
...metal diaphragm. When the pressure reaches 2,000 Ibs. per sq. in., the diaphragm breaks. High-pressure air rushes into the tube, forming a shock wave whose temperature reaches 15,000° F.-1½ times the temperature of the sun's surface. It passes in a tiny fraction of a second, but while it is passing, it simulates the 18,000-m.p.h. air blast...