Word: freeman
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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Lobotomy. Dr. Freeman, a poetaster in his spare time, was nervous when he rose to tell a fascinated audience how he and Dr. Watts ameliorated chronic anxiety, insomnia and nervous tension in six patients during the past two months. In addition the patients were relieved of various "disorientations, confusions, phobias, hallucinations and delusions...
...scalp down to the bone. Each slit lies slightly more than an inch away from the midline of the skull and crosses a line running across the head from ear to ear. At each junction of the ear-to-ear line and the slits in the scalp, Drs. Freeman & Watts drill a hole with a dentist's bur. The bur holes permit passage of a leucotome, or lobotomy cannula, a hollow needle through which a loop of wire can be slipped...
...operations, explained Dr. Freeman, this instrument "is inserted in the anteromedial [front and centre] direction to a depth of four centimetres below the surface of the cortex. The stylet is pressed in, forming a loop near the distal end of the instrument. The leucotome is rotated through one complete circle, cutting a sphere or core of white matter in the pre-frontal area about ten millimetres in diameter. The stylet is withdrawn a few millimetres thus replacing the loop within the cannula. A second core is cut at a depth of three centimetres and a third at two centimetres...
...Freeman-Watts "patients have become more placid, more content, more easily cared for by their relatives...
...other hand, Dr. Samuel Bernard Wortis of Manhattan angrily exclaimed: "Dr. Freeman has obtained here a shock result, which can always change the course of a psychosis. I have seen mental patients in Bellevue Hospital who have become normal after such a shock as the fracture...