Word: freights
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Although the Soviet bloc hauls 85% of its freight by rail (v. less than 50% in the U.S.), it has only half as many locomotives as the U.S. and Western Europe combined, and only 3% of them are diesels or electric. Little Britain has more freight cars than vast Russia...
Elsewhere, the economy showed its strength. Freight-car loadings, a traditional bellwether, climbed to 644,940 v. 602,203 for the previous week. Steel production moved up to 83.2% of capacity and the demand was still firm, still rising...
...There Can Be More IN the high-flying air world, one fledgling that has yet to find its wings is the air-freight business. Of 120 new lines that hopefully started up at the end of World War II, more than 50% went bust. Last year U.S. air freighters flew only 284 million ton-miles of cargo, a 3% gain over 1953, but barely one-tenth of 1% of the total cargo business...
...costs can be cut; pilferage and damage are less of a problem, cutting insurance costs. By flying, a St. Louis shoe manufacturer has reduced inventories 50% for its store chain across the U.S., finds that savings are 3½ times the increased transportation costs. But most companies use air freight only for emergency orders or occasional shipments of highly perishable or specialized items (from ladybugs to engine parts) where time is a big factor...
...high cost is due partly to the fact that ground handling of cargo is done with expensive, old-fashioned methods. According to a University of Tennessee survey, "an estimated 80% of total in-transit time for air freight is consumed by slow and inefficient ground handling." Only a small number of the major U.S. airports have separate air-freight terminals; most lines process their freight through passenger terminals or makeshift sheds. Furthermore, most cargo planes flying today are not suited to the job, are hard to load and unload, often have high maintenance costs...