Word: french
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Sera for just one day included the words personnel, administrator, quality audit, contract manager and know-how. Germans routinely refer to their employer as der Boss, who is expected to be a good Manager. "American English is definitely the model, not English--this is what we see looking through French advertising," says Micheline Faure, organizing secretary of a Paris group called AGULF, which was formed to resist the linguistic invasion. Japanese ads, posters and shopping bags are full of a special kind of American English, often starting with an enthusiastic "Let's," as in "Let's hiking...
...French, this "liberty" represents a historic change of direction. Chirac means to free the economy from government-imposed restrictions under which it has labored for no less than three centuries. Known as dirigisme, France's system of economic controls originated in the 17th century with Jean Baptiste Colbert, Louis XIV's Finance Minister...
...everything from cement to haircuts, and work rules that made it difficult and costly to fire redundant employees, which frequently discouraged companies from hiring or expanding. The Socialists, who came to power following Mitterrand's election in 1981, augmented the dirigisme tradition the following year by nationalizing 38 French banks and nine industrial groups...
...world market for manufactured goods has dropped from 10.2% to 8.2%. The reasons for this decline, says Gattaz, include a "punitive" corporate tax and the substantial charges that companies must pay for their employees' social benefits. C.N.P.F. estimates that these corporate taxes and charges total about 17% of the French gross national product, in contrast to only...
Whenever the market starts to rise again, there will be plenty of capital available for investment. For years the French have sent large sums of money abroad, even though many of those foreign transfers were illegal. But since March, when Chirac announced an amnesty plan for those who bring their funds back home, an estimated $10 billion has returned...