Word: french
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Beyond that, the French discovered again last Saturday that space mishaps are not confined by national boundaries. An Ariane II rocket had to be destroyed by controllers when its third stage failed to ignite 4 1/2 min. into its flight. Lost with the rocket was a $90 million telecommunications satellite. It was the fourth failure in 18 Ariane launches and the third malfunction of its third-stage engine, suggesting a possible system problem. So Ariane, too, was grounded while the accident's cause is sought. Most American companies seem willing to wait out the shuttle's return. Hughes Communications...
...which signals for TV, telephone and even printing plants can be bounced for instant arrival at distant points--the cost of launching replacements is rising because of the U.S.'s launch failures. A few U.S. companies have shifted from the shuttle to Europe's Ariane system, operated by the French from launch pads in French Guiana. Arianespace has raised its prices by nearly one-third, to $35 million a launch, and has at least 29 orders on its books, worth some $1.2 billion. But the consortium has only eight slots open through 1988, so its - ability to lure business from...
...found it difficult to remain quiet. She was outraged when shown a series of five secretly recorded Soviet videotapes of herself and Sakharov that gave the impression they led a comfortable life in Gorky. And she was disturbed last February when Soviet Leader Mikhail Gorbachev told the French Communist Party newspaper that Sakharov, a nuclear physicist who helped develop the first Soviet hydrogen bomb, could never leave the country because he was still privy to state secrets. Soon afterward, at a March reception in Washington, she voiced fears that the Soviets might not allow her to rejoin Sakharov. In April...
...spent the final days before her return calling on leaders in London and Paris. "If my husband didn't remain in Gorky," she said after meeting French President Francois Mitterrand, "I would never return there." Her jitters were evidenced by a request that two U.S. Congressmen accompany her back to Moscow. Underscoring the importance of Western pressure on the Soviets, Bonner told reporters in Paris, "Nothing that you do can jeopardize us. On the contrary, every public step is useful...
...passport requirement was announced on May 22 in a tersely worded note delivered to all embassies in East Berlin. The U.S., British and French missions rejected the message and directed their diplomats to show only identity cards when they drove through Checkpoint Charlie, the crossing between East and West Berlin most used by foreigners. East German guards allowed them to pass, but diplomats from other countries, including West Germany, were turned back and advised to return with their passports...