Word: freud
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Soviet psychiatry began to take shape in the 1920s and drew especially on the work of physiologist Ivan Pavlov (whose experiments on conditioning, particularly with dogs, gave the term Pavlovian response to the English language). His followers largely rejected the work of Sigmund Freud and other Western theorists and looked for physical rather than psychological causes of mental problems. That emphasis led Soviet psychiatrists to rely on drug treatment, work therapy and re-education rather than psychotherapy...
...easily be used wisely. "I do have faith," says Case Western's Murray. "Not that the judgment of people is always right, but that eventually we will preserve a good measure of fairness and justice. If we can absorb Copernicus and Galileo, if we can absorb Darwin and Freud, we can certainly absorb mapping the human genome...
Cockburn's appearance was the second in Harvard Book Store's "author series," which also includes writers such as Elizabeth Young-Bruehl, author of "Anna Freud," and Richard Goodwin, author of an autobiography, "Remembering America...
Masson harks back to this accusation fairly often in Against Therapy, but Freud is not specifically his target this time. Instead, the author is gunning for everyone who has ever had the gall to offer any sort of psychological treatment or aid to another person. His subtitle accurately indicates just how hyperventilating his argument is going to be: "Emotional Tyranny and the Myth of Psychological Healing." Readers looking for nuance or subtlety should probably go elsewhere. But Masson raises some intriguing points, even if he insists on doing so at the top of his voice. Psychotherapy...
Masson readily admits that others have had this idea before him. In the early 1930s Sandor Ferenczi, a disciple of Freud's and an influential psychoanalyst, confessed his growing doubts about his profession to his diary, which has not yet been published in English. Masson quotes generously from this document, showing a poignant portrait of a man torn between increasingly rigid doctrine and what he saw with his senses: "We greet the patient in a friendly manner, make sure the transference will take, and while the patient lies there in misery, we sit comfortably in our armchair, quietly smoking...