Word: freuded
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...discovery of the unconscious depths of man's mind by Schopenhauer, Freud and others seemed to offer an escape; here was a dark, mysterious realm, irrational as man knew himself to be irrational, to which he might shift responsibility for his acts. But this worked only partly; ultimately even the cult of the unconscious (psychoanalysis) directed...
Little Hans. How does a man become anxious to the point of phobia or compulsion? After decades of debate psycholo gists and psychiatrists are at last substantially agreed that anxiety arises from feelings of helplessness.* According to the best modern thinking, Freud never fully understood the essential nature of anxiety. His first theory, propounded in 1894, was that repressed libido (sexual energy) becomes anxiety, which later reappears as free-floating anxiety or a symptom (phobia or compulsion) that is equivalent to it. This, as critics pointed out, was a theory of mechanism and not an explanation of causes...
...Freud's classic example was of little Hans, aged five, who was panic-stricken at the idea of having to go out in the street. Why? Freud explained that little Hans had strong Oedipal feelings toward his mother; therefore he had hostility to ward his father and therefore anxiety. He repressed the anxiety and converted it into hippophobia ? he was afraid to go out be cause he was afraid of being castrated by the bite of a horse. To Freud the horse represented little Hans's father. This elaborate hypothesis neatly fitted Freud's preoccupation with castration fears, which...
Otto Rank (1884-1939). disciple of Freud, who later split with him, made a cult of birth trauma. To him life was a process of individuation, which meant a series of separations ? birth, weaning, going to school, heading a household. To Rank, anxiety was the apprehension involved in these separations. Alfred Adler, apostle of inferiority feelings, never formulated a full-blown theory of anxiety, but showed more insight than his Vienna rivals in seeing the uses that the neurotic makes of anxiety. If it blocks his activity, it permits him to retreat to a previous state of security...
...from Karen Homey. Erich Fromm and Harry Stack Sullivan. To Fromm, the Freudian frustration of sex energy becomes anxiety only when it involves some value or way of life that the individual holds vital to his security?for instance, the prestige of having a pretty wife. Horney believed that Freud put the cart before the horse; anxiety, she held, came before the instinctual drives?...