Word: freuds
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...Freud believed that human beings are bisexual to begin with -- polymorphous perverse, as he put it -- but become heterosexual or homosexual because of their early experiences of love and sensation. Bisexual as well as gay men often report having distant, aloof fathers, leading to speculation that homosexual behavior is in some aspect a search for male nurturing that has become eroticized. Researcher John Money of Johns Hopkins University compares the acquisition of sexual orientation to learning to speak. "You did not have a native language on the day you were born," he explains. "But by the age of five...
Long before the U.S. lost its trade balance, it was lopsided with intellectual goods from Europe. Marx, Freud, Sartre and Levi-Strauss were required cribbing. Books translated from the French and German were best sellers and their authors culture heroes. So were their interpreters. As a critic and novelist, Susan Sontag handled European ideas and forms with brilliance and style. The camera loved her dark good looks, and she became an American knockoff of the Continental intellectual as gravely seductive celebrity. The brain, she said on at least one occasion, is an erogenous zone...
...Vienna, and the fog is nearly as thick as Schlag on the strudels. Friedrich Nietzsche and Dr. Joseph Breuer, an early associate of Freud's, are striking an odd bargain. The physician will try to cure his patient's migraine attacks; the philosopher will treat the doctor's deep- rooted angst. Soon their roles reverse: healer becomes sufferer and, voila!, the psychoanalytic revolution begins. In WHEN NIETZSCHE WEPT (Basic Books; $20), psychiatrist Irvin D. Yalom imagines an encounter between two < real people who never met. The novel is strewn with italic sentences to highlight his characters' head-smacking insights. Still...
...Freud took two pieces of Vermont folk wisdom and turned them into a science," says psychiatry professor Thomas Gutheil of Harvard medical school. "The first was, 'There's a whole lot more to folks than meets the eye.' This became known as the theory of the unconscious. The second was, 'Keep your mouth shut and you might learn something.' He changed the position of the doctor from that of an authoritarian giving orders to a more receptive role. Freud said, 'Let the patient talk and tell the story...
...that sense, all forms of talk therapy can be considered a Freudian legacy. Even the sex obsession of today's society can be read as evidence that contemporary culture indirectly reflects Freud's deepest concerns. Perhaps W.H. Auden got it right after all in his poetic tribute to the Viennese master, written a few months after Freud's death...