Word: frontier
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Along the Indian-Chinese frontier, the longest frontier in the world between oppression and a democracy, Communist infiltrators are burrowing into the border states of Nepal, Bhutan and Sikkim-which lie upon India's side of the great Himalayan battlement (see below). From this frontier, where ice-winds howl and lichen creeps around the tall mountains, an Indian Army Mission reported: "Long considered impregnable ... the frontier . . . [is] now looked upon as a possible route of infiltration, if not of invasion...
...have had from time immemorial a magnificent frontier-the Himalayas. It is not quite so difficult a frontier as it used to be; still it is very difficult . . . We are not going to tolerate any person coming over...
...Armed Red Chinese squads are striking across India's northeast frontier into Assam, pillaging isolated villages, raping women and seizing livestock. On at least two occasions, the Chinese invaders fought pitched battles against Indian border guards before withdrawing. ¶Red Chinese thugs are waylaying and robbing Hindu pilgrims on the way to the headwaters of the sacred river Ganges, at Gangotri, on India's northern border. ¶ Mao Tse-tung's warlords are grabbing the bulk of India's trade with Tibet, beating, murdering and exacting protection money from Indian merchants who try to compete...
Moreover, China never ratified the 1913 Simla Convention, which roughly established the Himalayan mountain range as the Tibetan frontier and awarded "the southern watershed" to India and the border states. Red China's new school maps show much of India's borderland as Chinese territory...
...garrisons; they are opening Lhasa, the Forbidden City, to China proper and to Russia. Peking newspapers now reach Lhasa in ten days; before Mao they took several months. One 1,400-mile road starts from Sinkiang, at the edge of Russia, and curves through Tibet parallel to the Indian frontier (see map). From this strategic cord, side roads will point toward every major pass of the Himalayan mountains. The Chinese Communists are also laying down airfields in western Tibet, using Russian engineers and Russian equipment on all these projects...