Word: frosts
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Before anything could be set up, the campus's one and one half million square feet had to be groomed. Twenty-five full-time grounds workers have been working on that process since February, says Bernard K. Keohan, superintendent of grounds. As soon as the frost was gone, the workers planted flowers and grass, pruned the trees, and re-paved the walkways...
...become a truly national presence. Can a folksy company with headquarters in the Ozark hill town of Bentonville, Ark. (pop. 9,900), cater to customers from California to New York? So far, shoppers say yes. The chain has opened stores in 23 states, having recently crossed into the Frost Belt states of Wisconsin, Minnesota and Indiana...
...Calif., scientists in canary yellow overalls clambered aboard a tractor last week and began what looked like a workaday farmyard chore. They were planting ordinary potatoes, 2,000 tubers in all, that had been treated with an extraordinary additive: a genetically altered bacterium designed to inhibit the formation of frost. This experiment -- and a similar one performed only five days earlier -- marked a turning point in the efforts of scientists to apply the advances of recombinant DNA technology to agriculture: the first authorized release of man-made microbes into the environment...
...have become the focal point of a bitter debate over the creation of new organisms and the risks involved in releasing them. Most biologists have argued that the outdoor tests are a necessary first step that may help reduce the $1.5 billion lost by U.S. farmers each year to frost and may someday lead to the replacement of chemical fertilizers and pesticides with biodegradable, nonpolluting microbes...
...serves as a seed for the formation of ice crystals when the temperature drops below 32 degrees F. By snipping the seed-making gene from the DNA of the microbe, Berkeley Plant Pathologists Steven Lindow and Nickolas Panopoulos created a mutant form of P. syringae that does not promote frost. They call their new microbe "ice- minus." In the laboratory, leaves coated with the microbes have briefly withstood temperatures as low as 23 degrees...