Word: functional
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...EXAMPLE, as Calvin Tomkins noted in the May 4 issue of the New Yorker, Cunningham believes that movement and sound function independently in a dance. As John Cage puts it, they merely coincide in Space-Time. So at one premiere night the Cunningham troupe heard the score for the piece for the first time. A dance, according to Cunningham, does not mean anything that can be translated into words or music. It has no explicitly dramatic or psychological content. Particular movements may evoke emotional responses in the audience, but these responses will vary from person to person. Cunningham is interested...
...fifth and most important point criticizes the common "umbrella" or "united front" structure of community organizations in which function follows form. Instead, Jenkins suggests that community organizations be "stacked and calculated" to achieve specific goals. That type of thinking, requiring more expertise than ideology, was behind early black-power efforts such as SNCC's 1966 Lowndes County, Alabama, election campaigns. And when the uproar has died down, that will remain the hard logic of black power...
Puzzled by the changing function of the moth's old silk tubes and fascinated by the process which commits cells to their various fates, Kafatos turned to developmental biology on the cellular level. He presents his own findings in this field in two lectures in his course. He often involves his undergraduates, as well as his graduate students, in his projects. Kafatos is investigating both how cells become specialized and how they sometimes change from one specific function to another. These questions are crucial for man's understanding of the cell's nature. Furthermore, since cancerous cells are previously normal...
...long double--chained molecule found in the nucleus, carries the cell's genetic information. This information is the blueprint that describes how the working parts of the cell, the proteins, should be assembled from 20 building blocks, the amino acids. Thus DNA ultimately determines the cell's function. The DNA's information is transferred to RNA (the cell's working manual), which is chemically like DNA except that it is usually single-stranded. Specific RNA messages ("messenger RNA") are shipped to the cytoplasm and there direct synthesis of the specific proteins...
Kafatos is right now engaged in further experiments with the new salt, to test that informosomes actually do exist. It has been suggested that cancer is a special case of a cell's function being transformed by a virus. A cancer cell has broken out of the normal limits on its growth and function. If scientists can discover what makes cells less stable in their commitment to a limited, differentiated career, and thus more liable to become cancerous, he might be able to find ways to treat this process. Yet Kafatos repeatedly emphasizes the fact that he is still distant...