Word: fundamentalist
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Latin America's Protestants range from century-old "mainstream" Reformation churches founded by European emigrants (such as the Lutherans) to zealous new Pentecostal sects, which now account for at least one-third of the continent's Protestant population. Typical of these younger churchlets is Argentina's fundamentalist Union of the Assemblies of God, which has grown from 400 to 6,500 since 1948, now has 142 preaching centers scattered throughout the country. Its members are baptized by immersion, thrive on strongly Biblical sermons, give 10% of their substance to help pay for preaching on radio and television...
Conversion, traditionally as basic to Christianity as prayer, is today a concept in evolution. Conservative and fundamentalist church groups still hew faithfully to the Biblical injunction, "make disciples of all nations, baptizing them." Among renewal-minded clergy of the main-stream Protestant faiths, there is widespread doubt about whether gaining new members for the organized church is the primary goal of true Christianity...
...fiercely as Roman Catholicism, many ulama now justify it on the ground that the Koran allows leniency in the case of suffering. Far from being a static, otherworldly faith, say contemporary Arab philosophers, Islam encourages man to knowledge of the universe through science. But progress is slow. A rigidly fundamentalist approach to doctrine and discipline dominates Islam outside the cities. Moreover, it was only last year that physics, medicine and engineering courses were introduced at Islam's best-known university, Al Azhar in Cairo. In West Africa, Moslem grammar schools do little more than teach children enough Arabic...
Because the council, through its Commission on Religion and Race, has been fervent in the cause of civil rights, much of the slugging comes from angered Southerners or others dubious about integration. Such radiorators as Carl Mclntire and Billy James Hargis, who are fundamentalist in religion and right wing in politics, charge that the council is soft on Communism because a 1958 council study conference advocated recognition of Red China, and because council leaders welcome Rus sian Orthodox churchmen...
Most United Presbyterians are backing the doctrinal updating. "We decided in the 1920s that we would not be a fundamentalist church, but a conservative, Biblically oriented church that was not rigidly literalist," says the church's chief administrative officer, the Rev. Eugene Carson Blake. And predestination? "No, I don't believe in predestination, that gloomy theory that contradicts one of Christianity's chief wellsprings-hope," says Louis Armstrong, United Presbyterian layman and Denver businessman. Dowey eloquently sums up the spirit of the renovation: "The Reformed Church, if the name means anything, must always be willing to reform...