Word: fundamentalistism
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Rome, with 153 passengers and crew members aboard, at least 100 of whom were Americans. Most important, the hijackers were identified by an accomplice as members of Islamic Jihad (or Holy War), the shadowy Shi'ite Muslim organization that is regarded as a sort of umbrella for various fundamentalist terror groups operating in Lebanon and other Middle East countries. Sympathetic to Iran's revolutionary ruler, the Ayatullah Ruhollah Khomeini, and quite possibly subsidized by the Iranian leadership, Islamic Jihad and its confederates are blamed for many of the suicide bombing missions that have afflicted American and other Western military bases...
...century. Of the world's 750 million Muslims, less than 20% are Shi'ites. Some 42 million of them are in Iran, where they make up 92% of the population. To the long-downtrodden underclass of Shi'ites in Lebanon, some 40% of the population, Khomeini's fundamentalist - revolution was an inspiration to rise up against their perceived oppressors: Western and Arab, Christian and Jewish. "If you develop a psychosis that the whole world is against you," says M. Cherif Bassiouni, professor of international law at Chicago's De Paul University, "then the only way to survive is to become...
...route out and a road back. There were wonderful songs after 1975 even on his most equivocal albums (like Every Grain of Sand on Shot of Love), but Dylan appeared to have given himself over to political conservatism and the rigors of religious conversion. First he adopted fundamentalist Christianity, then an Orthodox Judaism that made him sound on some recent records like a half-delirious cabala student looking for a guest shot on Soul Train...
...harrowed faces of hostages. This time the pictures of four Americans and two Frenchmen, delivered last Thursday to several daily newspapers in Beirut and printed by some of them the next day, came accompanied by an ominous warning: unless the government of Kuwait agreed to release 17 Muslim fundamentalist terrorists jailed there for bombing the U.S. and French embassies in December 1983, the American captives would suffer "catastrophic consequences" and their captors would "terrorize America and France forever...
Contradictory attitudes toward race have played a particularly divisive role within the South African churches. Although Afrikaner nationalists place their brand of fundamentalist Protestantism at the heart of the civil theology of apartheid, increasing numbers of churchmen have been hard pressed to come to terms with the very un-Christian effects of that policy. Consequently, Black and white clergymen alike have often been outspoken opponents of apartheid. One white anti-apartheid activist notes, "We have a very sound saying here in South Africa. We say a Christian here is either going to jail, or going to hell...