Word: gallos
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...Disease Control that alerted doctors to the gathering epidemic and established that the infection was transmitted through blood transfusions, tainted needles and unprotected sex. It was Dr. Luc Montagnier's laboratory at the Pasteur Institute in Paris that first isolated the killer virus in 1983. It was Dr. Robert Gallo and his colleagues at the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, who made it grow in the lab, which allowed for the development of an antibody test. It was the National Institutes of Health that funded the basic research on HIV and AIDS. It was the big drug companies like...
Like many other ambitious young scientists, Ho wanted to be the first to isolate the virus that causes AIDS. Luc Montagnier and Robert Gallo beat him to it. (Ho came in fourth, after Jay Levy of the University of California, San Francisco.) Still, while working in Hirsch's lab, Ho became expert at detecting HIV in places where few were able to find it. He was the first to show that it grows in long-lived immune cells called macrophages and among the first to isolate it in the nervous system and semen. Just as important, he showed that there...
...them, it was merely a sexually transmitted disease. So they turned to Dr. Montagnier, a noted virologist at the Pasteur Institute, to find the cause. By 1983 his team had isolated a new human retrovirus. Their results, published in Science, were largely ignored. Then, in 1984, Dr. Robert Gallo announced that he had discovered the virus. Only after a bitter legal battle did the two scientists agree to share credit for the discovery. Today Montagnier promotes AIDS research and treatment centers in Africa...
...ROBERT GALLO...
Famous for his temper and contempt for authority, Dr. Gallo has weathered his share of scientific catfights. A brilliant scientist, he is the author or co-author of more than 1,000 scientific papers and one of the world's most frequently cited researchers. In the 1970s, while at the National Cancer Institute, he discovered the immune-boosting molecule interleukin-2 and isolated the first cancer-causing retroviruses in humans...