Word: galluped
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...George Gallup, Elmo Roper, Archibald Crossley and all the other pollsters who had been dead wrong on the election could not see the joke. They had reason to wonder last week whether their great fiasco would not put them, like the Digest, out of business...
...Peoria Journal, quoting a telegram from Dr. Gallup ("This is the kind of a close election that happens once in a generation"), retorted: ". . . The Gallup poll, had it been properly evaluated, should have told us it was going to be such an election." It canceled its contract to run the Gallup poll; so did the Nashville Tennessean, the St. Louis Globe Democrat and others...
More was at stake than election polls, which are only a small part of the business of Gallup, Roper et al. The whole $25 million-a-year industry of polling, which employs 10,000 people and serves up "scientific" answers on buying habits, audience reactions, and all manner of likes & dislikes for Hollywood, businessmen, educators, magazines, etc., was under suspicion...
...Denver, a statewide poll run by Edward Whittlesey, an ex-Gallup student, and William McPhee, an alumnus of the University of Denver National Opinion Research Center, found last June that Truman would win Colorado, as he did. But they got worried when their results disagreed with Gallup's, so they jiggered them for publication in the Denver Post- to show a Dewey victory. Said McPhee: "Whittlesey and I are thinking of going out of business...
Last Straw? At week's end, the pollsters themselves were still trying to figure out how they had come such croppers. Roper, confessing that he "could not have been more wrong," asked a group of social scientists to check over all his pre-election data for clues. Gallup started to recheck his pre-election polls; his field workers were re-interviewing the same people to find out how they had actually voted...