Word: gals
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...latest reckoning of London's Brewers' Society, Australians and Czechoslovaks rank just behind the Germans, with annual per capita consumption of just under 36 gal. of beer. Americans, who consume nearly 23 gal. a year, rank eleventh...
...first and biggest boost is made by the Saudi government. Its royalties, fees and taxes bring the price per barrel up to the cartel rate of $14.55, or 35? per gal. Shipping adds about $1.25 per bbl., or 3? per gal. But the actual cost of the journey is perhaps no more than a few cents a barrel. The difference is the profit for the tanker operators to help cover the expenses of maintaining huge, often idle fleets and sending empty tankers back to the Middle East...
Refineries pay about $15.80 per bbl. or 38? per gal. for the Saudi crude. But they actually get a big refund from the complex U.S. Government entitlements scheme. This reduces the refineries' real cost to $14.30 per bbl., or 34? per gal...
...barrel of oil can be refined into about ten different products, including 20 gal. of gasoline and 10 gal. of home heating oil. Of the two, heating oil is less expensive to make, and the oil majors spend little on advertising and transporting it. They sell this oil at about 48? per gal., a 14? markup, to wholesalers. These middlemen then sell it to retail dealers. Partly because the wholesalers pay for storage and the dealers pay for advertising and home delivery, they collectively add 14? to the final retail price of about 62? per gal...
Because gasoline costs more to refine, and the companies spend more to advertise and deliver it right to the pump, they sell it for 54.4? per gal., a markup of 20.4?. Unlike heating oil, gasoline is heavily taxed; federal, state and local taxes add 13.2? per gal. The service station tacks on an average 9.7? per gal., to bring the cost up to the national average...