Word: gamma
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...entered Pennsylvania's Kiskiminetas Springs School to get ready for college, the next fall entered Stanford. There, as he keeps piling up new records as a track and football star, he is inevitably a popular Big Man on Campus and rushing chairman of his fraternity (Phi Gamma Delta...
Planted at the head of the line was Patricia Ann Burnett, 5, a doctor's daughter. "Do you know why you're here, Patricia?" asked a radio announcer. "Yes," she replied. Her mother expanded the answer: "I think the effectiveness of gamma globulin is something we should all try to find out in this emergency...
Neither Pat nor her mother, nor Dr. York, nor even Dr. William McDowell Hammon, the Pittsburgh epidemiologist in charge of the mass test, knew whether Pat got gamma globulin or ineffective (but harmless) gelatin. In that secrecy was the key to the whole experiment. The only way to find out whether gamma globulin can prevent paralysis from polio in humans as it has in monkeys (TIME, April 28) is to give it to tens of thousands of children, and give something else (to cut out the possible effects of suggestion) to an equal number of children under identical conditions...
...tens of thousands of parents who took children, aged one to six, through Houston's eight inoculation centers, which worked day after day and right through the Fourth of July holiday. Some mothers had pestered doctors, before the inoculations began, trying to arrange for their children to get gamma globulin. A few intended to go through with the experiment, and then blithely undermine it by having their family physician give their children a "sure" shot of "G.G.," as they have come to call...
...then I got to thinking." Other mothers nodded, recognizing the pattern of their own afterthoughts. "It can't hurt them," the plump one went on, "so we haven't lost a thing in coming. We've got a 50-50 chance with each child of getting gamma globulin, and if we get it we know it might be some help or protection against polio. And whether we get the G.G. shot or not, or even whether it does any good or not, we'll have done something to help find the answer to one question about...