Word: gaucho
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Argentina grew out of experiences deceptively similar to those that made the U.S. strong-a frontier tradition of hard-riding gaucho and hard-working settler, a Buenos Aires melting pot that produced a prosperous middle class, a good public school system based on the ideas of egalitarian U.S. Educator Horace Mann. But the immigrant millions came mostly from impecunious southern Italy and Spanish Galicia, and their deepest hunger proved to be for economic security, not freedom. They added a significant saying to the Argentine speech: "Don't get involved." Their sons, who like their beefsteaks cut thick and their...
...delirious mob, waving handkerchiefs and banners of white, the National Party's color, rallied round a ramshackle old mansion, pushed through moldering ground-floor rooms littered with photographs of Uruguayan heroes and of Mussolini, surrounded a brass bed where an emaciated old man lay, his revolver and Gaucho knife handy on the night table. "Patriarch," cried a leader, "we bring you victory!" Luis Alberto de Herrera, 85, the cantankerous spellbinder chief of the Nationals, bounced out of bed and spun about in a round of backslapping...
...Gaucho Socialism. The issue that brought the Nationals to power over the Colorados was the one that had for so long kept the Colorados in power: the welfare state. Conceived by Colorado Leader José Batlle y Ordóñez, twice Uruguay's President (1903-07; 1911-15), Gaucho socialism at first transformed cattle-and sheep-growing Uruguay into a Latin American Utopia, Uruguayans into devoted followers of the Colorados. They got pensions (usually starting at 50) and the eight-hour day 20 years before the U.S. did. They got a vast network of government industries: insurance...
Once, during an 80-day rebellion in 1925, a young gaucho leader named Oswaldo Aranha saved the town of Itaqui for the government by fighting off a rebel leader named Luis Carlos Prestes. Aranha spent the next year recuperating from a bullet-shattered leg, then went on to become a President-maker, a Cabinet minister for 12 years; he spent four distinguished years in Washington as Ambassador to the U.S., served once as U.N. General Assembly president. Rebel Prestes went on to become chief of Brazil's Communist Party, the hemisphere's biggest. Last week, while thousands watched...
...cone-shaped $300,000 terrarium in the center of the lobby (filled with orchids and rare fungi) and four restaurants with the help dressed to fit the decor, e.g., waitresses in Rose Marie operetta costumes for the Dominion of Canada Coffee House, waiters in Argentine cowboy pants for the Gaucho Steak House...