Word: gautama
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...which happens to be the see of Diem's brother, Archbishop Ngo Dinh Thuc. Though Catholics were allowed to fly Vatican flags at a church celebration honoring Archbishop Thuc, three days later the government forbade the Buddhists to unfurl their religious flags for the 2,507th birthday of Gautama Buddha. When the Buddhists staged a protest march against the edict, government armored cars fired over the heads of the rioters. In the melee, nine people were killed. The Buddhists blamed the slaughter on Diem's troops; the government blamed the killings on Communist agitators...
...concept, he tells his students, first appeared between 2000 and 1000 B.C. in Indian Hinduism's sacred Sanskrit Vedas, which emphasized the idea of one universe where all creatures are interdependent parts of God. In the Upanishads, nonviolence (ahimsa) became one of the five moral virtues. Gautama Buddha (500 B.C.) preached the impracticality of selfishness and hatred, saying that "hatreds are not quenched by hatred. Hatreds are quenched by love." Side by side with Buddhism in the 6th century B.C. came the similar, if sterner, ethics of Jainism, which held that because "all beings hate pains," the "quintessence...
...Founder. Gautama, the Buddha, the Enlightened One, was born in northern India six centuries before Christ. As the devout tradition goes, Gautama, a king's son, married a beautiful princess, had a child and lived in silken luxury until he was 29. Then, seeing in turn a sick man, a corpse and an emaciated holy man, he was shocked into a realization of the harshness of life. He became a penniless wanderer and for six years mortified his flesh before deciding that extreme asceticism was not the path of deliverance...
Sitting 49 days under a bo tree, Gautama won through to enlightenment and could have vanished into Nirvana, the final release from the wheel of rebirth. It is the essence of the Buddhist tradition of humanity that he refused to abandon mankind to darkness and pain. He labored until he was 80 to show man the way to enlightenment, and then, in the fullness of years, ended his final reincarnation...
Teachings. Gautama the Buddha left no works written in his own hand, and Buddhism has its problems determining which of the many writings of his disciples most truly reflect the Master's words. Buddha's teachings have some resemblance to those of the later Stoics: he argues that liberation is not gained by rites, liturgies, prayers, magic or sacraments, but only by the deliberate inner search for self. Most effective is right thought and right behavior. Sin does not offend any god, but only the man who commits it. This stern doctrine proved too barren for most...