Word: gdp
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...Economy, Stupid The economy needs attention, too. During Musharraf's eight-year tenure, first as General, then as President, foreign direct investment rose, the Karachi stock exchange outperformed regional neighbors and GDP grew on average 7% a year. The lifting of international economic sanctions, imposed in 1998 when Pakistan tested its first nuclear bomb, was partially responsible for the boost, but Musharraf also privatized key industries and opened up the banking sector. The rapid growth, however, exposed cracks in infrastructure that was failing to keep up. "The economy has been good for big business, good for the per capita averages...
...also alarmed by the two oil shocks, which exposed its vulnerability to the global oil market. A consensus formed that Japan needed to balance growth with greater conservation, and a nationwide effort was launched to reduce energy use and clean up the environment. The result: for every dollar of GDP generated, Japan uses only one-eighth as much energy as China. "Japan was a front runner in economic development in Asia and suffered some bitter experiences," says Ichiro Kamoshita, the nation's Minister of Environment. "Japan wants the countries that are now trying to develop to become prosperous without going...
...most pressing economic challenges. A recent U.S. Chamber of Commerce report shows a litany of problems: an overloaded rail infrastructure that needs new tracks, signals, tunnels and bridges. Most ports need dredging; almost half of all canal locks are obsolete. While China is spending nearly 9% of its gdp on infrastructure, Americans lose $9 billion a year in productivity from flight delays alone...
...test being sat on campuses all over Britain. Short of cash, and jostling colleges from America to China for the smartest students and staff, universities across the country are rethinking fund raising. The need is obvious: investment in British higher education stood at 1.1% of GDP in 2004, according to the most recent data from the OECD, while the U.S. spent 2.9%. From medieval Oxford and Cambridge to ambitious modern universities like Warwick, institutions are slowly sharpening their competitive edge. As worldwide college entry rates and numbers of students learning overseas soar, "no matter which way you look...
British universities have been even busier than those on the Continent in responding to the challenge from the U.S., but the private funding gap remains enormous. While U.S. public investment in higher education, relative to GDP, is similar to that of the U.K., eye-popping tuition fees and generous philanthropists have endowed American higher education with more than six times more private investment...