Word: gellhorn
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...started with his mother. "I hate her guts and she hates mine. She forced my father to suicide," he writes Publisher Charles Scribner in 1949. Women, he suggests frequently, will trap and destroy a man. They can also be too competitive. After his divorce from Combat Correspondent Martha Gellhorn, Hemingway writes Scribner: "Have a new housemaid named Martha and certainly is a pleasure to give her orders. Marty was a lovely girl though. I wish she hadn't been quite so ambitious and war crazy." The fourth and last Mrs. Hemingway, Mary Welsh, was Papa's sort...
...begrudge the lady her self-indulgence. She paid her dues. Once when Hemingway was diverted by a 19-year-old Italian nymphet (the model for Colonel Cantwell's love in Across the River), Mary moaned, "Nobody knows the trouble I've seen." Hemingway counterpointed, "Nobody knows but Gellhorn." But Martha Gellhorn, wife-Muse number three, was a successful novelist and had been married (for less than five years) to a younger, less desperate Hemingway. Mary, not Martha, was there when the Nobel prize arrived, late as usual. Mary was also there on the morning of July...
...taken every woman he wanted, and some he hadn't. When he left handsome, auburn-haired Hadley for his second wife, Pauline (a Vogue fashion editor, "small and determined as a terrier"), he described himself as "son of a bitch sans peur et sans reproche." Author Martha Gellhorn was No. 3-he wooed her during the Spanish Civil War and separated from her in World War II. She complained that he took too few baths-and besides, she had her own career as novelist and journalist to follow. Hemingway classified her with his mother, whom he condemned...
Clogged Channels. The strongest argument for American ombudsmen comes from Columbia Law Professor Walter Gellhorn, top U.S. scholar on the subject. Last week Harvard University Press published two Gellhorn books, one a survey of "citizens' protectors" in nine countries, Ombudsmen and Others ($6.95), the other a U.S. study, When Americans Complain ($3.95). Although the U.S. is rich in responsive administrators and procedural safeguards against official abuse, says Gellhorn, the country's channels of complaint are so clogged that citizens either get no hearing or win isolated victories that rarely cure the root causes of their grievances...
...skeptics argue that, in effect, all U.S. Congressmen and state legislators are already ombudsmen. Not so, says Gellhorn. To be sure, Congress receives 100,000 letters a day, a vast percentage of them constituents' requests for anything from Fort Knox gold bricks to intercession with regulatory agencies. Unfortunately, says Gellhorn, the episodic results merely assure individual votes rather than broad reforms. Worse, most state legislators cannot even help their constituents. Thirty state legislatures meet only biennially, and newcomers fill half the seats at each session; only eleven states pay legislators more than $5,000 a year, and funds...