Word: generalissimo
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...approximately 10:20 p.m., a plunger was depressed and the cache detonated. Soon after, a Japanese patrol checking the site reported that it had been fired upon by Chinese troops, even though the local warlord, an ally of China's Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, had kept his soldiers in their barracks to avoid clashes. At 11:30 p.m., Japan's Manchuria-based Kwantung army began attacking Chinese positions. By dawn they were joined by planes from the imperial colony of Korea. Quickly, Mukden was effectively under the empire's control. In the following months, the resource-rich region, more than...
When he died last January at age 77, President Chiang Ching-kuo, son of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, was gingerly steering Taiwan toward democratic reforms and modestly improved relations with the People's Republic. The momentum slowed, however, under his successor, Lee Teng-hui, who hesitated to move boldly before becoming chairman of the ruling Kuomintang, or Nationalist Party. Last week the 13th Party Congress bestowed that title on President Lee, 65, thus giving him the mandate to push for change...
...Upon the Generalissimo's death in 1975, Chiang, already Premier, succeeded him as Chairman of the Kuomintang. Given the title of President in 1978, he wisely encouraged active Taiwanese participation in the island's surging economy, thereby promoting political stability. He also gained considerable personal popularity, mixing regularly with farmers, laborers and fishermen. Some setbacks occurred, however, most notably the U.S. decision in 1979 to recognize the Beijing regime...
Chiang continued to pay lip service to the Generalissimo's dream of recovering the mainland. But as his own health began to deteriorate, the son began to relax the father's military grip. Last summer, at the President's behest, the state of martial law that had begun shortly before Chiang Kai- shek's arrival on Taiwan and lasted 38 years was ended. With that, the groundwork was laid for an era of political normality the island republic had never known...
...last Wednesday, programming on Taiwan's government-owned television and radio stations was suddenly interrupted. Premier Yu Kuo-hwa was shown addressing the central standing committee of the ruling Kuomintang (Nationalist Party). Speaking in somber, measured tones, he announced that President Chiang Ching-kuo, 77, son of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, had died of heart failure in Taipei, the capital. A few minutes later, Vice President Lee Teng-hui, already sworn in as Chiang's successor, called on his fellow citizens to "unite together and fulfill the mission that Mr. Chiang was unable to finish...