Word: geologist
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...same issue of Science, a group headed by Caltech Geologist Bruce Murray contends that the Russians may well have already contaminated both Venus and Mars. In 1965, there was a failure aboard Russia's Venus 3, which was to parachute a sterilized instrument capsule to the surface of Venus. As a result, they believe, both the capsule and the unsterilized spacecraft hit the Venusian surface. A similar mishap that same year may have caused the unsterilized Russian probe called Zond 2 to impact on the surface of Mars...
...predicted all along, Scopes was convicted and fined $100. Just as inevitably, the conviction was reversed in a higher court (though Tennessee's antievolution law is still on the books). Dayton reverted to quietude; Darrow went on to further legal dramatics; Scopes himself became an oil-company geologist, retired in 1964 and finally found time to complete his engaging memoir with the help of freelance Journalist James Presley...
Because It's There. Surveyor I and Lunar Orbiter II have illumined the moon as being little more than an ugly grey rock pile. So why send a man to see for himself? The geologist wants it done because he hopes to find clues to when and how the earth came to be. The biologist wants to know if there are any vestiges of existence there that might solve the riddle of what life really is. The astronomer hopes that a definitive look at the moon could help unlock the secret of how the solar system was formed...
Cold Stills & Hot Springs. Geologist William Fischer, who headed the survey, soon recognized the significance of the findings: like an aerial divining rod, the infra-red scanner had spotted streams of cool, fresh rain water flowing out into the ocean. After completing the volcanic survey, the B-25 flew back and forth over Hawaii's entire coastline, eventually detecting a total of 219 shore areas that might have underground fresh-water springs. In one 5-sq.-mi. area in Hilo Bay, the scientists estimate, the discharge of fresh water amounts to 100 million gallons a day. Using the infra...
...Army's Cold Regions Re search and Engineering Laboratory at Hanover, N.H., Geologist Chester Lang-way Jr. has been dating the ice cores both by counting the yearly layers -much as the age of a tree is determined by counting its rings - and by isotope dating of bubbles of ancient air trapped when the ice was formed. Samples tak en from the bottom of the sheet have been found to be as much as 10,000 years old. The ice and the trapped air bubbles are also being analyzed for composition, organic and inorganic im purities, influences of climate...