Word: germ
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Experiments showed Dr. Kracke that the pain-killers which he suspected inhibit the production of germ-killing white blood cells in the marrow. A sore throat or a cut finger uses up white cells. No others come from the marrow to replace them. Eventually the body has too few white cells available to fight off the invasion of germs. Along comes a cold, and the granulopenic (poor in white cells) person dies with shocking suddenness...
Leader of the National Youth Movement is Joseph C. Fennelly, 29, native of Kansas City, educated at the University of Virginia, vice president of a paint company. Tall, slender, blond, an expert golfer, he is married, has one son. Germ of the movement was born five years ago when five young businessmen who knew nothing of government or politics sat around a fireside in Fennelly's home discussing the local situation. The young men of Cincinnati had cleaned up their city. Why could the young men of Kansas City not do the same? Then & there they decided...
...until 1921 did Dr. Edward Francis of the U. S. P. H. S. discover that all the variously-named illnesses were the same disease, caused by Bacterium tularense. He named it tularemia. Periodically thinning out the rabbit population by thousands, tularemia also affects many another small animal. Its germ is carried from animal to animal by deer-flies, ticks, lice, fleas. Man may contract it from insect bites, or by direct contact with an infected animal. It usually begins with a small ulcer at the point of infection, followed by glandular swelling. Tularemia kills only about 4% of its human...
...Morgan at Bryn Mawr College (1891-1904) and Columbia University (1904-28) was one of the pioneers in chromosome study. In fact he hopped to scholarly repute from a frog's egg. Man has 24 chromosomes in his germ cells, the fruit fly 4. Dr. Morgan picked the fruit fly as most convenient for the study of inheritance. The fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) produces 25 generations a year, which is about as many as man produces in 500 years...
These observations led to two of Dr. Morgan's unimpeachable genetic discoveries: 1) Lying in the rodlike chromosomes of the germ cells, like links of sausage, are ultramicroscopic units (genes) which transmit individual characteristics (say, brown eyes) from parent to child. 2) When the chromosomes of the two parents mingle in the egg (which ultimately becomes their child), the genes do not mix helter-skelter but "cross over" in groups. That is why, for example, in Drosophila, black body color tends to be inherited with purple eyes, vestigial wings, and a speck at the base of the wings...