Word: german
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Gaulle, it was also a matter of principle. From the start, the Gaullists have maintained that the crisis was an international affair in which the West German mark was deeply involved. In the French view, the mark was so strong that it was pulling other currencies off balance. By refusing to devalue, De Gaulle could perhaps bring about a situation in which the Germans would be frightened into increasing the exchange rate of the mark. That would automatically strengthen the franc by making German goods dearer on the world market. De Gaulle also knew that a devaluation would frighten...
French and German intransigence sent Europe's monetary system reeling toward the brink of crisis. On the day that Schiller, chairman of the Group of Ten, summoned the world's leading central bankers and finance ministers to an emergency meeting in Bonn, demand for gold in London hit the highest level since March. In New York, sterling hit rock bottom at $2.38. In Swiss money markets, it slipped even lower. The dollar, by comparison, weathered the crisis fairly well, reflecting general confidence that the U.S. was finally doing something convincing about its balance of payments problem...
When the money men assembled in the barracks-style structure that houses the West German Economics Ministry, Schiller wasted little time in making clear his opposition to the revaluation of the mark. As the meeting dragged on into evening, tempers began to flare. "They did everything except throw chairs at each other," said one participant. Bitter exchanges broke out between the world's leading monetary managers. According to one report, Britain's Chancellor of the Exchequer lectured the West German Finance Minister "as if he were a member of the Conservative Opposition." Jenkins himself was heckled outside...
Recently, the most successful commercial products of West German studios have been what the men in Munich call Aufklaerungsfilme (enlightenment movies). In essence, these are illustrated hygiene lectures about the varieties of sexual experience, padded out to feature length with one-dimensional plots. Unlike conventional grind-circuit skin shows, enlightenment movies approach sex with Teutonic seriousness, even though their accounts of reproduction and related matters are illustrated with explicit nude sequences. In Helga, the first Aufklaerungsfilm to be shown in the U.S., a robust young mother emerges from her shower just as her towheaded son enters the room...
Helga's creator is an energetic German film distributor named Hanns Eckelcamp, who thought that "the development of human life" might make a jolly subject for a feature film. He slapped together Helga on a budget of $200,000 and watched in astonishment as the film grossed $3,500,000 in Germany alone. Inspired by Helga's triumph, other producers quickly jumped into the enlightenment-movie business. Among the titles that have been doing boffo business in Germany are Miracle of Love, The Perfect Marriage, and You, an account of masturbation and its tension-easing benefits narrated...