Word: gideons
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...underlying principle of fair trial, that it should be a truth-seeking contest between equal adversaries, has also been undermined by the cost of competent legal aid. Until 1963, when the Supreme Court's celebrated Gideon v. Wainwright ruling established the absolute right to counsel in serious criminal proceedings under state jurisdictions, the great majority of defendants had no lawyers because they could not afford them (60% still cannot). A disproportionate number of people wound up in jail or on death row largely because they happened to be poor, undefended and ignorant of their rights. In short, criminal justice...
...Mapp v. Ohio, the Supreme Court ruled in 1961 that state courts must enforce the Fourth Amendment's guarantee against "unreasonable searches and seizures" by excluding illegal evidence, thus forcing state and local police to use judge-approved warrants for the first time in U.S. history. The Gideon decision invoked the Sixth Amendment to establish the right to counsel of all indigents accused of felonies-a decision that may be held to apply to misdemeanor cases as well. In other recent cases, the Supreme Court has also extended to the states the Fifth Amendment guarantee against self-incrimination...
...recall how Clarence Earl Gideon (Gideon v. Wainwright) was convicted on circumstantial evidence of taking money from the cigarette machine and juke box in a poolroom. For this the judge imposed the maximum sentence of five years. Compare this with the monstrous swindle of Anthony De Angelis [TIME, June 4]. How can the law be so prejudiced, so unbalanced, that he could be put on probation...
...staple of law-school graduation oratory. And as such, they were all too often brushed aside. But U.S. lawyers can no longer ignore them, for the constitutional right to counsel is no longer limited to accused Americans who have the necessary cash. In its great decision of 1963, Gideon v. Wainwright, a no-fee triumph by Washington Lawyer Abe Fortas, the Supreme Court ordered all state courts to provide lawyers for indigent defendants in all felony cases-and Gideon may apply to misdemeanor cases as well. As the court simultane ously expands constitutional rights in other areas, the nation...
...Kyle Hunt. 209 pages. Macmillan. $3.95. British Crimewriter John Creasey is a one-man Book-of-the-Month Club. Since 1931, under his own name and a dozen pseudonyms of wonderful ordinariness,* he has managed to write nearly 500 books. To his long list of heroes-Gideon of the Yard, The Toff, Handsome West-Creasey here adds his first new one in ten years. He is Dr. Emmanuel ("Manny") Cellini, psychiatrist first, detective second, who in this adventure is rung in to help not the bobbies but the criminal's neurotic parents. For them and for the reader, Cellini...