Word: giesler
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...Nevertheless, the Hummer brand has retained a certain appeal, according to a new study in the Journal of Consumer Research by Marius K. Luedicke from the University of Innsbruck, Austria, Craig J. Thompson of the University of Wisconsin and Markus Giesler of York University in Toronto. "Hummer drivers believe they are defending America's frontier lifestyle against anti-American critics," the study notes, adding that Hummer owners employ the ideology of American foundational myths, such as the "rugged individual," and the "boundless frontier...
...study published today in the journal Nature Neuroscience offers some hope of lasting relief. A group of neuroscientists led by Glenn Giesler at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, hypothesized that the mechanism by which scratching relieves an itch takes place not along the nerve fibers of itchy skin but deep within the central nervous system - specifically, in the spinothalamic tract (STT) neurons in the spinal cord, which transmit information about pain, temperature and touch to the brain. (Previous studies have shown that STT neurons can be activated with the application of an itch-producing chemical like histamine and that...
...Giesler theorizes that the itch sensation creates an excited state in the STT neurons that scratching inhibits - as if our fingernails were sending a message to spinal-cord neurons to cool off. Scientists are still a long way from understanding the itch-scratch phenomenon, and while Giesler's study gives them a good place to start, neuroscientists caution that in humans, the mysteries of itching and scratching may go beyond the physiological: emotional and psychological factors are also often at play, especially in cases of unexplained, unremitting itching or itching of phantom limbs...
...hope is that doctors will one day be able to prescribe drugs or other treatments to alleviate persistent itch. "This would produce the relief from itching caused by scratching but without the damage caused by sustained scratching," says Giesler. And that - for those who have had an itch they can't quite reach - would be a minor medical miracle...