Word: girders
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Dates: during 1880-1889
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...build a scaffolding on account of the currents, the bridge is built from each end so as to meet in the middle. The ends are balanced by piers near the shore and anchored firmly on the shore. The most common form of bridge in America is the straight Warren girder bridge. In Europe, the single bow-string bridge, arched on one side, and the double bow-string bridge, arched both top and bottom, are more common. The lecturer concluded by showing photographs of a large number of bridges, including those at Brooklyn, Harlem, Poughkeepsie and Niagara, besides several in Scotland...
Independent of pile support, the somers supporting each platform, if properly braced to posts of building, and carried into and bolted to girder inside of same-said girder being properly kneed and bolted to posts-accident could not have happened. From further examination it appears, from drawing submitted, that the 3x10 plank that was shouldered into pile and bolted to same, and carried up under 8x10 somer and toe nailed to same, assisted the downfall as soon as any settlement took place, or the washing away of the mud of embankment around and about piles under same. The manner...