Word: gland
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Dates: during 1920-1929
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Serge Voronoff, the Russian surgeon of Paris who leaped into notoriety about three years ago with his gland transplantation experiments, came into his own at the International Congress of Surgeons in London last week, when 700 of the world's leading surgeons applauded the success of his work in the " rejuvenation " of old men. The sensational claims and misleading publicity which attend the work of seekers after the elixir of youth have obscured Voronoff's careful experimental basis and have made him suspect with conservative scientific men. But professional opinion is growing more lenient as increasing numbers of surgeons...
...stopped by removing part of their duct (called the "vas deferens"), or even by tying it off, the reproductive cells atrophy and the interstitial cells multiply and occupy the space, greatly increasing the flow of the hormones. The effect is to turn the gonad into an exclusively ductless gland. The same general results are produced as in the case of transplantation. Steinach himself makes no extravagant claims. He calls the effect " arrest within modest limits of the process of senility," and says the use of the term " rejuvenation " is unfortunate. It is merely the prolongation for varying periods...
...classic demonstration of the neurological basis of the digestive process in dogs. A normal animal, if hungry, shows increased flow of saliva and the digestive juices at the sight or smell of food. By a simple surgical operation, Pavloff brought the duct of a dog's salivary gland to the surface of the cheek and measured the flow under stimulus of food. At regular feeding times a bell was rung, and after several repetitions it was found that the sound of the bell alone, without food, stimulated the saliva. This process, known as a "conditioned reflex," has been repeated...
...three-days-old baby, unable to breathe, and kept alive by artificial respiration of oxygen, was saved at the New York Infirmary for Women and Children when X-ray treatment to reduce an abnormal thymus gland was applied under the direction of Dr. Mary Halton. The thymus is a small ductless gland situated at the base of the neck, whose functions are imperfectly understood, though its secretion or " hormone " is believed to influence children's growth and bone formation. It is present in children from before birth until puberty...
...present case the thymus was found by X-ray to be much enlarged, and appeared to interfere with the breathing. X-ray applications withered the gland, and in a few hours the baby breathed normally. Physicians are interested in the theory that thymus abnormality may be a possible cause of the death of " blue babies " immediately after birth...