Word: globulin
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Assuming that antibodies, like most other proteins, are composed of chains of amino acids, Edelman set out to identify the arrangement and composition of the antibody molecules. In 1969, he completed a gamma-globulin model showing the molecule to be made up of 19,996 atoms grouped together in amino-acid building blocks. His findings coincided with those of Porter, showing that the antibody molecule is composed of a double pair of chains, two "light" ones forming the branches of the Y, and two "heavy" ones that make up the trunk. After establishing that antibodies have some flexible amino-acid...
...known treatment was effective, but Patient Casals was more fortunate than his predecessors. Nurse Pinneo was convalescing, and there should still be antibodies in her blood. She flew to New York and gave two pints of blood. The cells were returned to her veins; only the plasma, containing gamma globulin with its antibodies, was given to Casals by transfusion. The technique was highly effective; he recovered in a few days...
...adopt Kempe's proposal for a near-total halt to mass vaccination, potent agents for reducing its ravages are already available. One is a safer vaccine that Kempe has devised. Before that, or something like it, comes into general use, doctors can still use a VIG gamma globulin extract, vaccinia immune globulin (VIG), which contains antibodies from recently vaccinated blood donors, to protect the very young and those in poor health who have to be vaccinated. The value of VIG is well established; it has been stocked for years in 15 Red Cross regional blood banks for distribution...