Word: globulins
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...intricate processes of giving people immunity against disease, instead of waiting to cure them after they have been stricken (gamma globulin and vaccines for polio are the latest examples), medical science has a relatively new name: immunochemistry. Last week judges for the Lasker Awards recognized its importance by picking as one of 1953's winners Dr. Michael Heidelberger, 65, of New York City, for "decisive contributions to mankind in developing a new subscience. the precise measuring tool of immunochemistry...
...Gamma globulin...
...Test areas will be chosen for scientific reasons, and within those areas the test groups will be picked the same way. Estimated cost of the program: $7,500,000 of $26.5 million which the foundation has earmarked for polio prevention. The rest of the money will go for gamma globulin, which O'Connor calls "a stopgap measure" because it can only make polio less severe, not prevent...
...extracting many of them. There was fibrinogen, raw material from which fibrin film and fibrin foam are made, to close wounds and cover the brain in daring, delicate surgery. There was thrombin, which combines with fibrinogen but is used separately in some cases. There was a special kind of globulin for hemophiliacs. There were globulins which made possible the immediate typing of any individual's blood...
Finally-and so far the most important-was gamma globulin, which prevents measles or softens its severity, and wards off infectious hepatitis. Most recently, gamma globulin has won fame in the fight against polio. A less exacting researcher might have been satisfied, but not Cohn. He hated the waste (and doubted the wisdom) of using whole gamma globulin as a shotgun blast against any of three diseases, and wanted to break it down into still finer fractions for pinpoint use against each disease...