Word: globulins
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...American Red Cross called for blood donations on an all-out, wartime scale, beginning at once, so that gamma globulin (TIME, Nov. 3) can be processed in readiness for next year's polio epidemics. The goal: 5,000,000 pints ¶Doctors of the Food & Drug Administration, spurred by last summer's scare about Chloromycetin, checked 539 cases of blood disorders, such as aplastic anemia, which might have been caused by drugs. In. 55, they found, Chloromycetin was used alone, and in 143 with other drugs, but in 341 cases other drugs or no drugs had been used...
...then shipped to the Belgian Congo for four years as a medical missionary. Not until he was 28 did he enter Harvard Medical School. Many of his recent years as an epidemiologist have been spent in trying to persuade his colleagues (including those at the National Foundation) that gamma globulin was worth a major trial. Lately, and in the tests themselves, Dr. Hammon has had great help from Philadelphia's Dr. Joseph Stokes Jr. (TIME, Nov. 5, 1951) who tried to use the antibodies in blood against polio 20 years...
...evident missionary zeal, Dr. Hammon was quick to point out that gamma globulin is far from being the weapon of final victory over polio (that is likely to be a vaccine). Its chief drawbacks: ¶It gives only "passive," short-lived immunity (five weeks' protection from an average dose). "Active," permanent immunity must still be developed by each individual in fighting off a mild attack by the polio virus-the kind of attack that often goes unnoticed or is mistaken for a cold...
...demand. It takes almost a pint of blood to make an average shot of G.G. (7 cc). To give protection for a single polio season to all the 41 million U.S. children under 15 might take 100 million shots or more, and there simply is not that much gamma globulin available, nor the blood or plasma to extract it from...
...first, public health authorities were horrified at the thought of the problems they will have to face. Said one: "I shudder to think of next summer's mass hysteria among parents who know of gamma globulin." He foresaw all kinds of abuses: bootlegging in G.G., racketeering with worthless substitutes, faking measles to wangle a shot of G.G. in areas where it is not being given-for polio. This expert's solution: declare a national emergency, giving the Government a monopoly of blood and blood products; allot G.G. only to areas with the worst epidemics; let a public authority...